International Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy

Evaluation of the Antidotal Effect of Promethazine on Dichlorvos Poisoning
Adetoye Omolayo Durojaiye, Udeme Owunari Georgewill

Abstract
This study evaluated the antidotal effect of Promethazine on dichlorvos poisoning in wistar rats. A total of 65 adult rats were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups with 5 rats in group 1 and the remaining 4 groups were sub-divided into 3 groups each with 5 rats per group. Group A, received 15mg/kg dichlorvos only. Group B was post-treated with promethazine 0.375mg/kg, 0.75mg/kg and 1.5mg/kg five minutes after dichlorvos poisoning. Group C received promethazine 0.375mg/kg, 0.75mg/kg, 1.5mg/kg + atropine 1.6mg/kg respectively five (5) minutes after dichlorvos poisoning. Group D was post-treated with atropine alone 0.4mg/kg, 0.8mg/kg, and 1.6mg/kg five minutes after dichlorvos poisoning and Group E was pre-treated with promethazine alone 0.375mg/kg, 0.75mg/kg and 1.5mg/kg five minutes before dichlorvos poisoning. Results revealed that Promethazine hadantidotal effect in dichlorvos poisoning by increasing the onset of body tremor and onset of other reactions by more than 75%. A 100% survival rate was also recorded in animals that received Promethazine when compared with those exposed to dichlorvos only, especially at high dose . The combined administration of atropine and promethazine showed significant (p<0.05) antidotal activity as the latency to the onset of body tremors and other reactions were further delayed when compared to promethazine alone. Post-treatment model with Promethazine alone was comparable with the pre-treatment model but gave better outcome than pre-treatment model at low dose of 0.375mg/kg.This study therefore concludes that Promethazine alone or in combination with Atropine has potent antidotal effect in dichlorvos poisoning.

Full Text: PDF     DOI: 10.15640/ijmp.v6n2a7